The automobile industry has been the main field of robot application in the past, with the improvement of automation demand, industrial robot application has been more expanded, in addition to the traditional welding application, robot in machine tools loading and unloading, material handling palletizing, grinding, spraying, assembly and other fields have also been widely used. Metal forming machine tool is an important part of machine tools, forming processing is usually associated with high labor intensity, noise pollution, metal dust, sometimes in high temperature and humidity and even pollution environment, the work is simple and boring, enterprises are difficult to recruit. Industrial robot and forming machine integration, not only can solve the problem of enterprise employment, but also can improve the processing efficiency and safety, improve the processing accuracy, has a great space for development.
CNC bending machine integrated application: There are mainly two ways of robot bending integrated application, one is the bending machine as the center, the robot is configured with vacuum sucker, magnetic splicing feeding frame, positioning platform, unloading platform and turning frame to form bending unit. The second is the flexible processing line of the plate formed by robot and laser equipment or CNC turntable punch, industrial robot walking shaft, plate transmission line, positioning platform and vacuum sucker gripper.
Press stamping integrated application: there are two main ways of robot and press stamping integrated application, one is a single robot stamping loading and unloading: the robot will move the plate from the palletizing table to the positioning table, and then transfer it to the press die for stamping. After the stamping is finished, the robot takes the material into the stacking table to realize the automatic loading and unloading of a single press robot. The second is the robot stamping line: the stamping line is established between several presses by several robots. According to the requirements of the workpiece forming process, it needs to be processed in several presses. The whole production line is composed of the palletizing robot, the feeding robot, the transfer robot between the press and the handling robot, and the tail line robot. Compared with the manipulator with linear coordinates, the six-axis robot is more flexible, does not have high requirements for the mold, and is easy to integrate.
Integrated application of hot die forging: A hot die forging line usually consists of two die forging presses, one for stamping and the other for trimming. The integrated application of hot die forging robot is usually equipped with two robots, one is responsible for transferring the high temperature material treated by the medium frequency furnace to the stamping forming die forging press, and the other is responsible for transferring the material from the stamping forming die forging press to the other die forging press for cutting edge. In order to prevent high-temperature stamping workpiece from sticking to the mold, it is necessary to lubricate the mold with graphite after each stamping. The lubrication can be done by robots or can be achieved by specialized institutions. Because forging is a harsh environment of high temperature and humidity and graphite lubrication, special attention should be paid to the protection of the robot and the ability of the robot itself to resist thermal radiation.
Welding application: Welding is a process after the processing of sheet metal forming machine tools. There are two types of robot welding: resistance welding and arc welding. The application of welding robot accounts for more than 45% of the whole robot application. The application of arc welding is based on robot. Welding workstation is composed of welding machine, wire feeder, welding gun, fixture and so on. The resistance welding application is based on the robot as the core, and the spot welding workstation is composed of spot welding gun, welding controller, water gas unit, pipeline package, fixture, etc.
Integrated application of robot and machine tool: In the integrated application of machine tool, the specific application form of industrial robot is still in continuous exploration and innovation. Because the industrial robot has many similarities with the CNC machine tool in principle and structure, it is controlled by the CNC system, driven by the servo motor, and realizes the automatic device of precise position movement, so the machine tool manufacturing enterprises have considerable advantages in the development of industrial robots. Therefore, many robot manufacturing enterprises at home and abroad have the foundation of machine tool manufacturing. Robot in the field of machine tool development is a little special, one is the current with the continuous improvement of CNC machine tool technology, a variety of automatic detection, dynamic compensation technology mature, the development of machine tool technology has entered a new stage of intelligence, robot join just played a kind of role; Second, the integrated application of robots and machine tools also has some special advantages, such as the increase of machine density, plant utilization; Shorten the auxiliary time and improve the working efficiency of the machine tool; Operation accuracy and repeatability higher than natural person; A significant reduction in the likelihood of work-related injuries; Can work long hours without emotional problems, emotional needs, etc.
At present, the main form of integrated application of robots and machine tools: in welding, handling, palletizing, assembly and other most application fields, industrial robots are used as hosts. In contrast, robots with machine tools generally function as auxiliary machines. The current specific
application forms mainly include:
(1) Single machine loading and unloading
Single machine loading and unloading is the most typical and mature application of robot in machine tools. It is more accurate, rapid and safe than manual loading and unloading. The advantages of robot loading and unloading are particularly obvious for the processing of small and medium-sized parts with large production batch and short processing time, or the heavy workpiece that needs to be lifted.
The structural relationship between robot and machine tool can be divided into two forms: robot installed outside machine tool and robot integrated with machine tool. Robots installed on the outside of machine tools are divided into fixed, mobile and rack types.
(2) A flexible production line composed of robots and machine tools
A flexible production line composed of several machine tools is a more complex and valuable application than single machine loading and unloading. In the current process of industrial transformation and upgrading, the market demand is more and more vigorous.
In this application, the layout of machine tools depends on factors such as the process route and site conditions. Common L shape, U shape and linear, opposite layout and other forms, among which three CNC machine tools constitute a U-shaped layout, by a robot in the middle of the site for workpiece conversion, this layout is very compact.
(3) Complete the processing process together with the machine tool
Robot clamping workpiece in punching, shearing, bending machine to achieve processing operation, not only simple loading and unloading, but to replace all the original manual work. This is more accurate and faster than manual operation, thus improving product quality and production efficiency. In particular, it completely solved the hidden danger of industrial injury of stamping machine tools.
(4) Complete the processing process independently
Equipped with special claws, the robot can complete cutting, polishing, polishing, cleaning and other technological processes. Even can let the robot directly clamp the cutting tool, the workpiece for drilling, tapping, riveting, can also be machining. In this case, the robot itself is a machine tool.
Robots equipped with vision and touch can be used in complex processes such as assembly and parts sorting, and even loading and unloading can be done without special station equipment with positioning devices.
The robot is equipped with special claws, which can be used for casting and forging machinery operating in high temperature environment. It can complete the work that is difficult to be completed by manual directly, such as taking hot iron, pouring, hot blank up and down, and replacing hot mold.
Authoritative professional exhibitions are the best window to reflect the general situation and technology trends of an industry. The reason for the formation of this rapid development trend, of course, has much to do with the guidance and catalytic effect brought by industrial transformation and upgrading, the rapid improvement of our human cost, the reduction of the price of industrial robot and the improvement of performance of these general factors, but at the same time industrial robot is also a kind of general automation device of high flexibility, its application occasions and function have unlimited expansion space.
Robots are currently the typical representatives of advanced manufacturing technology and automation equipment, and intelligent industrial equipment has become the basis of global manufacturing upgrading and transformation. The integrated application of industrial robots and CNC machine tools makes intelligent manufacturing and digital workshop, intelligent factory from concept to reality