Intelligent mobile robot is a comprehensive system integrating environment perception, dynamic decision-making and planning, behavior control and execution. It concentrates the research results of multiple disciplines such as sensor technology, information processing, electronic engineering, computer engineering, automation control engineering and artificial intelligence. It represents the highest achievement of mechatronics and is currently one of the most active areas of scientific and technological development.
With the continuous improvement of robot performance, the application range of mobile robots has been greatly expanded, not only in industry, agriculture, medical, service and other industries, but also in harmful and dangerous situations such as urban security, national defense and space detection. Very good application. Therefore, mobile robot technology has received widespread attention from countries all over the world.
The research on mobile robots began in the late 1960s. Nils Nilssen and Charles Rosen of the Stanford Research Institute (SRI), among others, developed an autonomous mobile robot named Shakey from 1966 to mid-1972. The purpose is to study the application of artificial intelligence technology, autonomous reasoning, planning and control of robot systems in complex environments.
According to the way of movement, it can be divided into: wheeled mobile robots, walking mobile robots (single-legged, double-legged and multi-legged), crawler mobile robots, crawling robots, creeping robots and swimming robots. According to the working environment, it can be divided into: indoor mobile robot and outdoor mobile robot; according to the control system structure, it can be divided into: functional (horizontal) structural robot, behavioral (vertical) structural robot and hybrid Robots: According to functions and uses, they can be divided into: medical robots, military robots, handicapped robots, cleaning robots, etc.;
A robot system composed of sensors, remote control operators and automatically controlled mobile carriers. Mobile robots have mobile functions and are more mobile than general robots in terms of replacing humans in dangerous and harsh (such as radiation, toxic, etc.) operations and in unmatched (such as space, underwater, etc.) environmental operations. ,flexibility.
A mobile robot is an intelligent robot that works in a complex environment and has self-organization, autonomous operation, and independent planning. It combines computer technology, information technology, communication technology, microelectronic technology and robotics.