Industrial robot is a multi-purpose, repeatable programming, widely used in the industrial field of multi-joint manipulator or multi-degree of freedom machine device, with a certain degree of automaticity, can rely on its own power energy and control ability to achieve a variety of industrial processing and manufacturing functions. Industrial robots are widely used in electronics, logistics, chemical and other industrial fields.
Industrial robots typically have three or more programmable axes. In order to adapt to different uses, the mechanical interface of the last axis of the robot, usually a connecting flange, can be connected to different tools or end effectors.
Common types of industrial robots
According to the different application fields and uses, industrial robots are generally divided into welding robots, palletizing robots, assembly robots, spraying robots, handling robots and so on.
Robot for welding
Refers to the industrial robot engaged in welding (including cutting and spraying), at the end of the robot connected flange welding clamp or welding (cutting) gun, so that it can welding, cutting or thermal spraying.
The welding robot has the characteristics of stable performance, large working space, fast movement speed and strong load capacity. Welding robots are generally divided into hollow welding robots and general welding robots, general welding robot body generally adopts general 6-axis robot, and hollow welding robot is designed for welding automation, its structure can be directly installed welding machine and other equipment supporting welding.
No matter what kind of industrial robot, as long as the welding process, the system with welding parameters can be basically applied in the field of welding, the selection of the appropriate welding robot is based on the actual production situation, combined with the product situation, specifications, welding requirements and so on.
Palletizing robot
It refers to the industrial robot engaged in palletizing, which arranges the objects that have been loaded into containers and places them on trays or other vehicles according to certain rules. The flexible grasping operation is realized by connecting different types of grasping mechanism in the end flange.
Palleting robots generally use coordinate robots, simple structure, low failure rate, reliable performance, simple maintenance. Generally, the 4-axis form is adopted, with less overall footprint, strong applicability, low energy consumption, only positioning and grasping the starting point and placing point, and the teaching method is simple and easy to understand.
Palletizing robot application is more specific, generally can only carry out plane handling and palletizing, can be set through the software production automatic palletizing program.
Assembly robot
The industrial robots designed for the completion of assembly work have horizontal joint type, rectangular coordinate type, multi-joint type and cylindrical type. Compared with general industrial robots, assembly robots have the characteristics of high precision, high flexibility and small working range.
Spraying robot
An industrial robot that can automatically spray paint or other coatings.
The spraying robot adopts 5 or 6 degrees of freedom joint structure, the arm has a large movement space, and can do complex trajectory movement. The more advanced spraying robot wrist adopts flexible wrist, which can bend in all directions and rotate, and its action is similar to human wrist.
The spraying robot has the characteristics of large flexibility, large working range, plug-in structure and modular design, and low requirements for repeated positioning accuracy of the robot.
Robot for handling
Industrial robots that can perform automated handling operations.
Handling robot and palletising robot is basically the same, the main difference is that the handling robot adopts more 6 axis form, which is characterized by fast movement speed, high flexibility.
General handling robots combined with conveying line body, processing equipment, etc., to complete the grasping and handling of materials, to achieve unmanned production and transportation.
Selection of industrial robots
Industrial robots are usually composed of robot body and end effector. In the application process of industrial robots, the robot body is usually selected in line with the use conditions, and the end actuators are customized for different industries and environments.
For the selection of robot body, the main selection parameters are application scenario, degree of freedom, repeated positioning accuracy, payload, working radius and body weight.
Application scenarios
For different application scenarios, the suitable robots are different. Multi-axis robots, cooperative robots, horizontally articulated robots, and parallel robots can maximize their working capabilities in their respective application scenarios.
Degree of freedom
The number of axes configured by the robot is directly related to its degrees of freedom, and the number of axes generally depends on the application scenario. Different degrees of freedom affect the application cost of robots. Under the premise of cost permitting, more axes can improve the overall compatibility.
Repeated positioning accuracy
It generally refers to the accuracy of the robot to complete routine work tasks and reach the same position each time.Repeated positioning accuracy affects the accuracy and stability of the robot work.Different application scenarios have different requirements for repeated positioning accuracy of the robot. For example, the palletizing of large materials generally does not require high positioning accuracy, but the assembly robots used in some processing and manufacturing industries need high repeated positioning accuracy.
Effective load
The maximum load that the robot can carry in its workspace, which includes the weight of the end effector attached to the end shaft of the industrial robot. Due to the range of robot workspace, the actual load capacity of the robot will have a certain difference with different location distances. Therefore, in the process of selection, about 20% of the robot load will be left.
Radius of operation
The horizontal range of motion of the robot, each company will give the corresponding robot's motion range map, from which you can determine whether the robot is suitable for a particular application.
Body weight
The weight of the robot body is an important factor in the selection and application process. If the industrial robot must be installed on a customized machine or guide rail, it is necessary to know the weight of the robot body to design the corresponding support.
Industrial robot application
With the development of intelligent manufacturing, the demand for automation is improved. Industrial robots are widely used in more and more industries. Industrial robots are integrated with various machine tools and line bodies to improve production and processing efficiency and safety.
Robot technology is a typical representative of advanced manufacturing technology and automation equipment, and intelligent industrial equipment has become the basis of global manufacturing transformation and upgrading. The integrated application of industrial machine technology and MES/WMS makes intelligent manufacturing, digital workshop and intelligent factory from concept to reality.
